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    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-03-13</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2026/3/13/maps-territory-and-self-reflexivity-confusions-ofbyabout-korzybski</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-15</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2026/2/12/a-surrealist-map-film</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-02-12</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2026/1/22/two-rbs-map-courses-in-summer-2026-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-22</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/12/30/a-linguistic-quandary</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-12-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/12/7/media-appearance-on-npr-no-less</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-12-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Media appearance on NPR, no less - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/11/22/2025-books-in-map-history-plus-some-missed-from-20234</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-11-25</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/10/13/the-most-importantand-amazingmap-exhibition-ever</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/24676059-7f08-4f6a-920d-ac7c3187b9a1/133+img+00+M5050_X0031_CCI_093_0466_P.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Most Important—and Amazing—Map Exhibition, Ever! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jean-Claude Planchet, photograph of the spectacle of Vincenzo Coronelli’s great globes, installed in the grand, ground-floor forum of the Centre Georges Pompidou, May–September 1980, for the exhibition Cartes et figures de la terre. Kandinsky Library, Centre Georges Pompidou (CCI 93 570–671); online at bibliothequekandinsky.centrepompidou.fr.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/d0009ec2-6da8-40aa-ad20-6bce1378a612/133+img+01+Screenshot+2025-10-13+at+9.39.14%E2%80%AFPM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Most Important—and Amazing—Map Exhibition, Ever! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>floor plan from the press release (Anon. 1980)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/8/30/media-mentions-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-08-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/e91b221f-268d-444c-a79e-89d5311dbdfd/2025-08-29+08.35.25.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Media mentions ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/8/27/the-modifiability-of-us-commercial-lithographic-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-08-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/8db23c72-04e4-412a-8d40-d5d683a42918/133+img+00+-+oml+white-edge.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>click here for high-res image</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/d0a25789-9b43-4045-852d-b9cab34ff0ce/133+img+02+oml+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/e11f810e-0609-455c-8fc2-f3351c02cc9b/133+img+01+-+nypl+lres.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Click here for high-resolution image. See the appendix for links to other versions of the same map, from 1849 to 1859.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/77afd03a-1719-47c0-ae74-4b32975558ba/133+img+03+-+nypl+sizes.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/3df15667-03a8-4897-88ef-9ae588357303/133+img+04+oml+cropped.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/35f8860e-89b1-4f4f-9c1a-c33ab0f9e836/133+img+05+oml+sizes.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/dd05ca42-ad4e-4906-9f66-076140c94160/133+img+06+ocean+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/bb1f8df4-4dfc-4b8c-8074-2dd90520a638/133+img+07+-+jefferys.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Modifiability of US Commercial Lithographic Maps - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Click here For high-resolution image</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/7/17/spicing-up-the-world-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-07-17</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/81363015-1302-4ee6-8778-f9855a036a64/img+02+full+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>“McCormick’s Map of the World” [title on verso, cover panel] (Baltimore, 1957). Color lithograph on sheet 59 × 88 cm. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine. Click on image to access in high resolution image https://oshermaps.org/map/56196.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/2cc62e15-13f8-414a-a0db-934b3bcca009/img+10+1931+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>“McCormick’s Map of the World” (Baltimore, 1931). Color lithograph on sheet 59 × 88 cm. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine. Click on image to access in high resolution image https://oshermaps.org/map/54222.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/67533ffa-1b62-4dac-b9a3-b0a675cf9fb0/img+11+1931+verso.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Covers and interior spread of McCormick’s 1931 map. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine. Click on image to access in high resolution image https://oshermaps.org/map/54222.0002</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/16434fb6-c888-4a29-bb6b-cbc2f01ab870/img+07+detail+1931+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/7aa4064d-b2b7-4f32-b32b-07b426f32f64/img+08+detail+1931+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b2e9e3ed-4f5c-4b38-b1d0-c40b52ec6083/img+12+-+world+1956+covers.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Covers and interior spread of McCormick’s 1957 map. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine. Click on image to access in high resolution image https://oshermaps.org/map/56196.0002</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/05f3743c-cdd8-4e90-a54b-a4d015e5c799/img+05+folded+inner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b82ae063-55c7-44a4-9fe5-abb91aac0518/img+09+detail+1956+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/58c384d2-61ac-449b-ac6d-693c4d59f719/img+06+two+analemmas.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Spicing up the World Map! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/7/17/public-radio-interview-re-history-of-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-07-17</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/7/11/comparative-map-history-is-published</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-07-11</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/6/26/mapping-the-social-world-of-the-counterculture</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/dc9c0866-0d34-4429-92c8-eb7e20d9ea22/130+img+00+humbead+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Mapping the Social World of the Counterculture - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Earl Crabb and Rick Shrubb, Humbead’s Revised Map of the World with List of Population, 2nd ed. (Berkeley, Ca.: Humbead Enterprises, 1969). Color lithograph, 53.5 × 40.5 cm. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (OML Collections); online at www.oshermaps.org/map/56505.0001.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/6/1/new-book-imminent-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/6/1/an-update-on-the-facsimiles-of-the-borgia-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b662eed4-7912-4e3d-9a7f-ebedbb0d431a/129+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Update on the Facsimile(s) of the Borgia Map - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/642eef22-bb7b-41d7-bab6-167b5c036ae2/129+img+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Update on the Facsimile(s) of the Borgia Map - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/769221b8-860e-4abb-a250-5e14f62f4ff0/129+img+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Update on the Facsimile(s) of the Borgia Map - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/5/20/my-2024-journal-of-historical-geography-lecture-is-now-available-in-prepint</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-07-17</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/5/19/a-cautionary-tale-misreading-the-palimpsest-meitzen-maitland-bateson-darby</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-05-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/0efb7ac8-817a-428b-a916-03c0461f2363/128+img+01+maitland+1897.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Cautionary Tale: Misreading the Palimpsest (Meitzen, Maitland, Bateson, Darby) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>F. W. Maitland’s “two little fragments of ‘the original one inch ordnance map.’” Details from sheets of the first-series, one-inch Ordnance Survey map, originally published at 1:63,360, reproduced by Maitland, Domesday Book and Beyond (1897, between 16 and 17) with differing degrees of enlargement. left “A Land of Villages on the border of Oxfordshire and Berkshire” (OS sheet 13; first published, 1830). right “A Land of Hamlets on the border between Somerset and Devon” (sheet 21; first published, 1809). Maitland’s argument was not affected by his use of late states of each sheet that delineated railroads, because the depictions of land use had not been updated. Lithographs, 20 × 11.5 cm and 20.5 × 12 cm, respectively. Author’s collection.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/3/30/a-new-essay-on-single-volume-histories-of-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/3/30/a-response-to-denils-accusations</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-04-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/3/7/arnold-heerens-1804-prospectus-for-a-history-of-geographical-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-15</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/2/26/materiality-and-the-limits-of-internet-research-the-borgia-map-and-its-facsimiles</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/2f5d52e5-5641-4a91-af9a-56f15e916417/125+img+01+-+borgia+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image of the Borgia Map scanned from a book, taken from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borgia_map#/media/File:Mapa_de_Borgia_XV.jpg</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/e9282786-98a1-4120-b666-0eb7c1d7634d/125+img+00+-+lc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Camillo Giovanni Paolo Borgia, Apographon descriptionis Orbis terrae, figuris et narratiunculis distinctae, manu Germanica opere nigelliari discolorio circa medium saec. XV ([Rome], 1797). Copper engraving ⌀ 64 cm, on sheet 76 × 69 cm. Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division (G3200 1450 .A6 1797); online at www.loc.gov/resource/g3200.ct007015</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/44db25e5-fb7d-4958-96cd-741c5d831006/125+img+04+-+lc+title.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/56e2f5cf-3c3e-44c7-bfe5-3b1929655062/125+img+08a+-+detail+from+lc+facsimile.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/a12efe37-9c61-4491-98f5-905a18007600/125+img+03+rylands+lres.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Rylands impression. Image supplied by the John Rylands Research Institute and Library, University of Manchester. See https://luna.manchester.ac.uk/luna/servlet/detail/maps002~1~1~414766~155817</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/f60bef55-0916-467d-80d4-27bac2b946bb/125+img+05+comparison+-+all.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/7f5777e1-1ed9-422b-b44c-33a363badf5b/125+img+06+diagram.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image supplied by the John Rylands Research Institute and Library, University of Manchester</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/0c62c29a-22ff-4b07-bca7-a93920d58982/125+img+02+seroux+dagincourt.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Materiality and the Limits of Internet Research: The “Borgia Map” and Its Facsimiles - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Mappamondo inciso sopra una lastra di rame, specie di lavoro alla damaschina,” in Seroux d’Agincourt (1810–23, 4: pl. Sculpture 40). Copper engraving, 40.5 × 30.5 cm. - sourced from https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/xx799sr6117</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/2/26/listen-to-a-map-podcast-with-me</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-26</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2025/2/13/an-oceanic-image-that-is-a-map-not-a-chart</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/facca5ff-e558-42b0-8fff-bbab81badf86/123+img+00+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An oceanic image that is a map, not a chart - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Bowen, Map of the King of Great Britain’s Dominions; Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/f27b7064-ae42-4543-b233-ca7b8f2cb1dc/123+img+01+yale+edited.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An oceanic image that is a map, not a chart - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Folds and creases on the Beinecke Library’s impression of Bowen’s map; see link in the text above for the original work</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/12/19/2024-books-in-map-history-plus-some-i-missed-from-2023</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-12-19</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/12/16/another-flat-earth-thingy-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/11/11/alexander-dalrymples-spiteful-innovation-in-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/7744a4fc-f059-40d9-a2c5-282b41cf2fb3/119+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Alexander Dalrymple’s Spiteful Innovation in Map History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The “Harleian” Map (BL Add MS 5413), image from Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Harleian.jpg from a copy at the National Library of Australia</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1c315606-1ce3-4fb8-9cd8-a3822546d40b/119+img+02+dalrymple+facs.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Alexander Dalrymple’s Spiteful Innovation in Map History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Alexander Dalrymple, A Copy of Part of an Antient M.S. Map in the British Museum, engr. W. Harrison (London: Alexander Dalrymple, [1790]), showing Jave la grande. Although bearing a copyright date of 24 August 1787, Dalrymple published this facsimile of part of the “Harleian map” only after Sir Joseph Banks had given the original to the BM, as per the facsimile’s title and the date added to the descriptive passage, of 22 February 1790 (Cook 1993, 3.2:1296, no. B533). The original map is now BL Add MS 5413; because it bears the arms of the future Henry II of France, some historians have called it the “Dauphin map.” Copper engraving, 48 × 63 cm. Courtesy of the State Library of New South Wales (SAFE/F8/80, pl. 61); online at https://collection.sl.nsw.gov.au]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/11/3/the-first-unorthodox-modernist-mapping-of-the-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/96032b97-51ce-4c38-8645-aaccdc3e104c/121+img+00+proctor+north+atlantic.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map 2, showing the northern Atlantic Ocean, from Proctor, A Student’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/32b0b1e6-d5aa-4682-a411-fb82588dfbff/Screenshot+2024-11-04+at+8.57.33%E2%80%AFAM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/da2d8d3f-ce55-4cf3-b31e-e7d4786bf25d/121+img+02+proctor+1889+img+14+p10+dodecahedron+DETAIL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Earth as a dodecahedron, from page 10 of Proctor, A Student’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b4cfa6e2-64e8-489c-a54e-8eebbd9c5959/121+img+03+proctor+1889+img+15+p11+assmbly+n-s+DETAIL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Arrangement of the 12 pentagons, from page 11 of Proctor, A Student’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/bf9a3c7f-f334-4303-b3ab-76d9d4eca802/121+img+01+proctor+1889+assemblage.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>How the 12 pentagons assemble into a globe, from page 12 of Proctor, A StuDent’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/8cdab1b1-fa0d-4e37-9c66-079be36b5869/121+img+04+proctor+1889+index+north+60pc+cropped.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Index Map for the Northern Hemisphere, from Proctor, A Student’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/f1543e92-3b33-4b35-86f8-c8496cd823ea/img+05+proctor+1889+map+10+eurasia+60pc+cropped.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First Unorthodox, Modernist Mapping of the World? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map 10, showing western Eurasia, from Proctor, A Student’s Atlas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/10/9/size-matters-why-do-we-measure-the-size-of-maps-and-how</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-10-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/977aa687-6bfe-45b6-806b-329cc26806d6/117+img+00.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Size Matters: Why Do We Measure the Size of Maps, and How? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/7c0f3e0a-f733-4c03-b71d-7be38195d778/117+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Size Matters: Why Do We Measure the Size of Maps, and How? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/9/24/new-essay</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-09-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/7/21/the-uselessness-of-coronellis-great-globes-of-168183</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-08-07</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/3a17a75e-2501-4feb-a4fb-5bf3c1d796f1/116+img+0+mhe+looking+at+globes+2019-07-08+18.13.16.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Me looking at the Coronelli globes in 2019. Photograph by Kathryn A. Edney</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/08b96b9a-7b53-4ec5-8209-087bab04e369/116+img+1+globe-marly+pavilion+1703+%28BnF+de%CC%81partement+Estampes+et+photographie%2C+RESERVE+HA-18+%2840%29-FOL%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Agence Robert de Cotte, view of one of the pavilions at the Marly palace containing the great Coronelli globes (1703). Manuscript. Bibliothèque nationale de France, département estampes et photographie (RESERVE HA-18 (40)-FOL). Click on image to consult in high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/be7c4323-16b2-47f2-ad21-83126e6eb7b0/116+img+2+BnF+installation+globes+1875.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Joseph Burn Smeeton and Auguste Tilly, “Les grandes sphères de la Bibliothèque nationale,” in Letort (1875, 177), as accessed during the 1875 International Geographical Congress. Lithograph from a wood engraving, 16.5 × 14 cm (image neatline). Bibliothèque nationale de France (département philosophie, histoire, sciences de l’homme, 4-R-45). click on image to view in high resolution</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/12fd0cf2-fe5f-4d07-93c2-87c04c80ef7f/116+img+3+M5050_X0031_CCI_093_0601_P.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>photograph of the installation of the great globes for the exhibition Cartes et figures de la terre, in the grand, ground-floor forum of the Centre Georges Pompidou, May–September 1980. I am thoroughly indebted to Jean-Marc Besse for pointing me to this resource and for sharing other images from the archive. Centre Georges Pompidou, Kandinsky Library, CCI 93 570–671 = img M5050_X0031_CCI_093_0601_P; click on image to see related images (free registration required)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/4eacb40e-e79e-4109-841a-129685ca9abb/116+img+4+2024-07-09+09.34.36.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>painted canvas globe over wooden ball, ca. 1701; restored after extensive damage in 1918; Bibliothèque Part-Dieu, Lyon, where it is currently on display as part of the exhibition “Representing the far away: an European view,” installed in conjunction with the 30th International Conference on the History of Cartography; photo by author, 9 July 2024; unknown person for scale. Click on image for more information (and for the rest of the exhibition).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/d5f2c6b6-5298-4fde-851f-242e398fd28f/116+img+5+-+bust+of+louis+XIV+%282019-07-08+18.20.50%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Uselessness of Coronelli’s Great Globes of 1681–83 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Bust of Louis XIV and the cartouche around the dedicatory text lay west and south of Australia, against the limb of the terrestrial globe in this image.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/7/8/some-parallels-between-puppetry-and-the-nature-of-mapping-and-map-studies</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-07-08</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/6/13/a-confusion-of-natural-expressions-of-map-scale</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-06-14</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/3/12/who-were-the-map-historians</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-03-12</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/2/1/a-fugitive-history-of-world-map-projections-found</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-02-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/d0c4c18c-3972-4dda-afcf-769bdcb79803/fig+6-4+cahill+1909+butterfly+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A fugitive history of world map projections, found! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Bernard Cahill’s Butterfly Map from his 1909 Account</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/39fc0099-a0c8-44dc-b3d3-ec66e088b216/shirely+data+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A fugitive history of world map projections, found! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Incidence of basic map projection types in printed world maps 1472–1700 in the European tradition. Data from Shirley’s bibliography of world maps (1983)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b7f695f7-3f45-4f2f-9d95-5bbdaa586971/2024-01-31+11.14.04.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A fugitive history of world map projections, found! - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Titlepage to Botley (1952)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2024/1/23/arno-peters-and-his-map-work</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/8e1f8509-c371-48ac-b7d7-ac2527db2526/fig+6-14+north-south+cover+35pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Arno Peters and his Map Work - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The cover of North-South (1980). Two-color lithograph, 17.5 × 11 cm. Author’s collection.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/5b6b377c-940a-43b9-9011-6ee272c544c0/Screenshot+2024-01-23+at+5.30.07+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Arno Peters and his Map Work - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Arno Peters’ comparison of the depiction of Europe and South America on his own (equal-area) world map projection (upper) and on Mercator’s projection (lower), indicating how the latter exaggerated the size of Europe and diminished South America. Monmonier (1995, 17) reproduced the figure and some of its surrounding text (also Strebe 2015, fig. 743). Lithograph, 8 × 5.5 cm (neatline). From “A New View of the World,” a press release issued by Peters and published in Christianity Today 28 (17 February 1984): 39–40, esp. 39.]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/cd096bee-2938-4169-8693-46046c08650b/default.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Arno Peters and his Map Work - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Willem Jansz. Blaeu, Nova totius terrarum orbis geographica ac hydrographica tabula (Amsterdam, 1640). Peters (1983, 58) reproduced a 1648 variant of this map to illustrate how “the Mercator projection had, half a century after the death of its creator, been finally established.” Note that Blaeu had originally published this map in 1606 (Shirley 2001, 258). Hand-colored copper engraving, 40 × 54 cm on paper 54 × 63 cm. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection); online at oshermaps.org/map/414.0001.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/12/21/map-history-books-of-2023</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-12-23</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/12/1/a-pageant-of-spectacles-chromolithography-in-america</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-12-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/9/12/an-anciente-mappe-of-fairyland</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-09-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/02c31f7b-d877-4743-a1da-7d2d7f9a627b/113+img+00+whole+lres.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Bernard Sleigh, “An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland” (1917). Click on image to see high-res version at the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/4945d714-0c5d-44a9-ae4f-39e8df49956c/113+img+01+anciente+map.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sleigh’s “Anciente Map of Fairie-Land” (1909). Click on image for high-res version on Roderick Barron’s website</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/fb500d90-ec92-4050-b564-cdc765832ea2/113+img+02+-+compass+and+scale.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/244e70a9-9e8a-47ef-9feb-d7de9b32aa5b/113+img+03+-+title+and+legend.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/2f373feb-1862-4fef-97e3-b6d6873e4ba9/113+img+04+tom+thumb.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Anciente Mappe of Fairyland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/8/30/cartography-in-the-european-enlightenment-is-now-online-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-08-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/0d4c5b15-b941-43a4-92bc-c4e929c204db/Cover_Vol4P1+Update+17-9-7.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Cartography in the European Enlightenment is now online ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1703bdd7-937e-4b50-971c-220ec954f339/Cover_Vol4P2+Update+17-9-7.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Cartography in the European Enlightenment is now online ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/8/29/new-essay-published-with-download-link</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-08-29</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/8/15/new-book-chapter</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-08-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/e939118b-ae4d-4f85-9bfd-cebc44491492/Twitter.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New Book Chapter - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/3/19/new-england-prospect-an-innovative-map-exhibition-from-1980</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-02-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/5a152910-0e4a-4a44-83f1-1060781f9805/111+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New England Prospect: An Innovative Map Exhibition from 1980 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The South part of New-England, as it is Planted this yeare, 1634, in William Wood, New Englands Prospect: A True, Lively, and Experimentall Description of that Part of America, Commonly Called New England (1634, opp. 1). Note: “planted” meant colonized or settled. Click on image to view online at the John Carter Brown Library, Brown University (D634 W881n [R]).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/df238af3-2e85-4b5a-bceb-f352109b025b/111+img+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New England Prospect: An Innovative Map Exhibition from 1980 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>William Godsoe, “A Plott of mr Humphrey Chadburns Farm att Sturgen [i.e., Sturgeon] Creek” (6–7 October 1701); Benes (1981, no. 91). click in image to view online at Maine State Archives (York CCP, October 1701, Vol. 6, Pg 140, Nicholas Morrell v. Samuel Small)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/9da7072a-c66c-4274-8c28-37f2647807ec/111+img+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New England Prospect: An Innovative Map Exhibition from 1980 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plan of the British and American Positions, on the Disputed Territory, by an Eye Witness, lith. Bouvé &amp; Sharp (Boston: Nathaniel Dearborn, 1843). click on image to view online at Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/48d21a92-3728-4882-a075-00bf6edb92f9/111+img+05.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New England Prospect: An Innovative Map Exhibition from 1980 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Aaron Everett, “A plan of the Town of Foxborough” (1795), at one inch to 200 rods (1:39,600). Each plan is unique, but most follow basic conventions in mapping boundaries, rivers, roads, and buildings. Aspects of Everett’s work—notably the heavy band of color on the outside of the town boundary, the oddly structured north arrow/compass rose, and the multiple orientations of the lettering—were naively unconventional. Benes (1981) included other town plans from the series. Click image to view online at the Massachusetts State Archives (Massachusetts Archives, Town Plans—1794, 1794-1795 [SC1/47X], 10: 4, no. 1215)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/6747f6e8-3413-42e0-8358-6b025a77217e/111+img+04.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New England Prospect: An Innovative Map Exhibition from 1980 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Phineas Merrill, A Plan of the Compact Part of the Town of Exeter, at the Head of the Southerly Branch of the Piscataqua River (Stratham, NH, 1802). click on image to view online at Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (OML Collections)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/2/23/identifying-map-projections-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/61ea5ff2-058a-475c-98a8-82dad5a955c8/oshermaps.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Identifying Map Projections ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/b6e67c77-99c5-4dff-9b32-675d51586799/Screenshot+2023-02-23+at+10.22.09+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Identifying Map Projections ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/e66c0eb5-b79d-486f-8be9-efaf748dc691/Screenshot+2023-02-23+at+11.01.49+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Identifying Map Projections ... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/2/17/the-history-of-cartography-at-moma-1943</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-19</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/8b2835d5-526e-4a88-a999-9baa1bb7eaa7/110+fig+3+world+1942+r+e+harrison+one-world+v6-0020+20pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The History of Cartography at MoMA, 1943 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Richard Edes Harrison, The World Divided, Fortune (August 1941). Courtesy of P J Mode’s Persuasive Maps (1297.01). Click on image for higher resolution</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/236fe51b-2108-4e16-b6d6-29391ce1be62/110+fig+1+model.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The History of Cartography at MoMA, 1943 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>preliminary model of the exhibition layout (does not quite match up with the photographs of the final installation. It would of course be too much to ask that a model was included in the actual exhibition, as a map of itself …</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/ebbf00e5-cc5a-4b08-95e3-adc0b3a9d667/110+fig+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The History of Cartography at MoMA, 1943 - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/1/30/collection-of-essays-on-the-history-of-map-collecting-just-published</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-01-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2023/1/26/onto-mastodon-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-01-26</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/30/and-a-podcast-re-cullums-1836-map-of-portland</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1672415026411-8XRPN092GTU8IVPGACC1/me+1836+portland+cullum+-+1500px.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - And a Podcast re Cullum's 1836 Map of Portland - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/30/two-new-things-re-cartography-and-map-in-the-latest-cartographic-perspectives</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/16/map-history-books-published-in-2022</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-16</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/9/im-quitting-twitter</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-11</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/6/the-perils-of-literality</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-09</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/3/something-on-the-origins-of-the-two-largest-map-collections-in-the-usa-and-the-practice-of-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/12/3/5-ps-a-mnemonic-for-map-historians</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/11/29/another-small-essay</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-11-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/3dbb1a89-553a-4971-974e-6c3f252b1f5e/cullum+1836+portland+lres.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Another small essay - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/11/27/the-history-of-map-exhibitions</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-11-29</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/11/20/new-short-essay-on-mapping-history-and-technologial-innovation-in-early-19c-eastern-usa</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-11-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/448ee8b4-027e-485e-bad4-6de981e73d54/2022-11-20+15.52.37.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New Short Essay on mapping, history, and technologial innovation in early 19c eastern USA - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/8c247973-947c-4d94-befa-77088316b9a9/2022-11-17+19.51.28.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New Short Essay on mapping, history, and technologial innovation in early 19c eastern USA - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/11/20/how-to-prepare-a-powerpoint-presentation-for-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-11-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/75278252-8051-4387-aba3-a09a2c9bc993/powerpoint+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to Prepare a PowerPoint Presentation for Map History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/db364a17-da00-448f-b9a7-c170374d11b9/powerpoint+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to Prepare a PowerPoint Presentation for Map History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>note the use of perpendicular lines and text to show the size of the original work</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/eb962da8-f6c2-42c2-88db-e6cf839242fa/powerpoint+05.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to Prepare a PowerPoint Presentation for Map History - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The vertical ruler is just two rectangles: a long rectangle (here yellow), with reduced opacity so it appears washed out; and a rectangle set to 100% opacity that one extends with each section.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/6/26/another-new-essay</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-06-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1656289907279-6M0CVR1DPNNKFDLJGQED/bodel+nijnhuis+img+0.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Another New Essay - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1656290118926-BMU416ILDZEUOMVGIS3M/bodel+nijenhuis+img+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Another New Essay - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/6/14/a-curious-implementation-of-copper-plate-printing</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-06-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655211431415-HP3OPBJETUF4XTWQK9TN/Neue_und_vollst%C3%A4ndige_Postkarte_durch_%5B...%5DHeger_Franz_btv1b532428178_1.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>J J von Bors, postmap of Germany, assembled into one map, 78 x 96 cm, with each already dissected sheet trimmed and pasted onto cloth for folding down into a case. Bibliothèque nationale de France (Cartes et plans, GE B-132); online at gallica.bnf.fr (click image to see in detail)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655213677153-5NLVS1O27XMLJ25DOYC0/2022-06-09+12.00.59.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655213766022-CN8F5225G0ZXDU07QMPS/2022-06-09+12.01.08.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655214295573-YQYBWFSR3KVUU11MHNID/2022-06-09+12.01.17.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655214750023-PQKK5FGJDX7MUOX9AFWR/2022-06-09+12.01.23+cropped.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655215074174-5PT909BC835WVZF7RNFF/2022-06-09+12.01.27.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655215207387-W069QF300KX0ELUZIAS7/2022-06-09+12.01.55.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1655215464514-3D2DPL5XQ8BBKG073M5X/postmap+schema.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Curious Implementation of Copper-Plate Printing - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Diagram of the postmap’s 16 sheets engraved on a single plate.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/6/13/a-new-essay</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-06-13</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/3/4/new-book-about-the-flat-earthers</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-06-13</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/2/20/traditional-map-history-in-the-international-geographical-union</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-02-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1645391075750-A00AXI25ABSLZTJSKDTN/2022-02-20+15.51.26.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Traditional Map History in the International Geographical Union - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2022/2/20/a-case-of-mistaken-identity-and-severe-historical-confusion</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-03-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1645353630705-PRMTLBXOVRBW5CMWD3IZ/screenshot+-+ngs.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Case of Mistaken Identity and Severe Historical Confusion - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot from National Geographical Society, last updated 15 January 2020. Click on image to see entire entry.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1646951783495-3MQREKG4T1LMPFU0H8IA/Screen+Shot+2022-03-10+at+5.29.32+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Case of Mistaken Identity and Severe Historical Confusion - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/12/19/map-history-books-of-2021</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-12-20</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/11/30/reading-the-blathwayt-atlas-of-colonial-north-america</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-12-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1638316401606-46M2AX7NVZ82XSTK1J4T/n-eng+1680+bulkeley-stoughton+h-res+15pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Reading the “Blathwayt Atlas” of Colonial North America - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The anonymous map of the boundaries of Massachusetts Bay bearing three annotations on its verso: “Merrimack River”; “This Map was Copied out of an Originall lent by Mr Stoughton &amp; Bulkeley Agents of Boston.”; and, in Blathwayt’s hand, “Memorandum This Map was exactly Copied about 1678 from an Original lent Sr Robert Southwell by Mr Stoughton and Mr Buckley two Agents from New England.” Click on image to see in high resolution (search for Blathwayt 9).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1638316202972-W3LEV0I211XDANCRG96F/041+img+montserrat.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Reading the “Blathwayt Atlas” of Colonial North America - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Click on image to see in high resolution; search for Blathwayt 30</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/11/26/the-importance-of-context</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-11-26</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/10/30/the-control-freakness-of-an-early-map-collector</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-10-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/9/21/a-disturbing-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-09-21</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1632246089409-Z31QJD9KXW3A9ZZYYXI2/090+img+00.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Disturbing Map... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1632246127355-M4XL4N7AT0QFULQI5XLV/090+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Disturbing Map... - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>William Hubbard, Map of New-England (Boston 1677)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/9/13/constructing-a-feminized-landscape</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-09-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1631564018873-QW80RMOZ5T59E94JLZXQ/76900.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Constructing a Feminized Landscape - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1631564616550-PKSVAN80KZR2ES93W51C/Screen+Shot+2021-09-13+at+4.22.52+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Constructing a Feminized Landscape - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/9/2/its-a-fake-for-real-this-time</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-09-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630586917343-HOLH427TQ264Z326GXPS/2018-08-21+13.45.10.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Verso of the signage outside the exhibit</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630587178616-S0DIIC0OVRTWL9YTYA3G/2018-08-21+13.47.31.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Part of a display of headlines reporting the reaction to the announcement of the map</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630588146056-HTNAV3C49FIJSQ3DRHAO/2018-08-21+14.13.17.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630588213167-M7GHJRJ9K24MICZNENPF/2018-08-21+14.13.24.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630588375033-W5D46G3EWAI856XBB2WF/2018-08-21+14.14.54+50pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630588507941-AJBRLTA0RDMCVHYGKAKH/2018-08-21+14.16.47.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630588738699-EWNKZM4SNGOA67CZ0A3U/2018-08-21+14.39.07.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1630589864129-DCHDVBF6D6M3Q5MGSY14/2018-08-21+13.24.36.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's a Fake -- for real this time - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>And here are my dear friends and colleagues, Lydia Savage and Rayne Carroll, at Mystic Seaport, 21 August 2018. We had dropped off Lydia’s nephew en route — he had a thing elsewhere in Connecticut. He was utterly bemused that we were going on specifically to see an exhibit about some old map, and he was utterly dumbstruck when we then explained that it was an exhibit about a fake map!</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/8/23/the-cognitive-reconfiguration-of-the-founding-disciplinary-narrative-henry-castner-and-barbara-petchenik-rework-the-history-of-cartographic-cognition</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-08-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1629751954209-9LQ44B9PHCLG8LXS6UMX/092+img+00+karta+kazanskoy+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Reworking the Founding Disciplinary Narrative along Cognitive Lines - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail from Vasiliy Mikhailovich Shishkov and Ivan Shishkov’s map of the Kazan guberniya, “Karta Kazanskoy gubernii…opisi geodezistov Vasiliya i Ivana Shishkovykh” (1733), in “General’nyy atlas sochinyonnoy iz imeyushchikhsya pri Admiralteyskoy chertezhnoy raznykh godov opisey vsyakogo roda Iesam 1782 goda.” The map marks good pine forest (A) and worthless mixed forest (B). For another detail, see Postnikov (2019, fig. 805). Courtesy of the Rossiyskaya natsional’naya biblioteka, St. Petersburg (Manuscript Department, Hermitage Collection, f. 885, d. 610, map 31).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/8/20/some-thoughts-on-jacques-bertins-cartographic-semiology</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-08-21</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/7/21/more-on-the-fetishization-of-triangulation-and-on-the-possible-schizophrenia-of-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-07-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1626866103794-HI7PE89YLNPMCPY07W4H/france+1729+picard-la+hire+%28oml+622%29+trimmed+50pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - More on the Fetishization of Triangulation (and on the Possible Schizophrenia of Recent Map History) - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/7/14/triangulation-its-not-just-doing-things-with-triangles</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-07-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1626266841308-QW73Z0XZ03WT6NE0CFS8/france+1720+cassini+II+%28detail%29+%28uw%29+clip+lres.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Triangulation ... it's not just "doing things with triangles" - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/6/30/modern-histories-of-geodesy-and-surveying</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-07-05</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/6/28/suppositions-of-location-and-of-similitude</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-06-28</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/6/23/origins-of-map-libraries-in-the-mid-nineteenth-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-06-01</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/5/18/an-early-color-facsimile-hand-applied-or-color</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1621350140752-WB2O4IGJRV72VK0HBCAI/088+img+01.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Color Facsimile: Hand-Applied or Printed? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>1856 facsimile of Nicolas Vallard’s untitled map of Jave-le-grande of 1547. National Library of Australia (map RM 2393). Click on map to see at the NLA website.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1621350234505-1FURMWI8S1NJV8LLC1OZ/088+img+02.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Color Facsimile: Hand-Applied or Printed? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>paste-on title slip. National Library of Australia (map RM 1819 (copy 1)). Click on image to see on NLA website.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1621350325829-PI2KGQZEG1O88C66EPKO/088+img+03.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Color Facsimile: Hand-Applied or Printed? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of facsimile. National Library of Australia (map RM 2393). Click on image to view on NLA website.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1621350374189-QKLKWD6KWDRU9A5N4C0W/088+img+04.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Color Facsimile: Hand-Applied or Printed? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of original chart. Huntington Library (mssHM 29, fol. 6r). Click on image to view on the Huntington website.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/5/5/new-short-publication</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1620241299218-W0YH7CNFAU6EF5734PC9/Page+28+from+LCM_GM+20pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - New short publication</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/4/21/map-types-according-to-wikipedia</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-04-22</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/4/5/cognitive-maps-in-bemazed-rats-and-humans</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-04-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1617629459795-KAUEFTR6GJN0KIJIB9L3/085+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Cognitive Maps in Bemazed Rats, and Humans</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1617629521071-HA9PL42G75RDHPN3R603/085+img+02.gif</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Cognitive Maps in Bemazed Rats, and Humans</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/3/22/death-to-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-03-22</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/3/18/winther-when-maps-become-the-world-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-03-18</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/3/13/from-an-art-to-science-how-mapping-acquired-its-fiber</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-03-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1615656465098-N9404RXN3T8QRQPE1UUX/084+img+00+map+of+silk.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - From an Art to Science (How Mapping Acquired Its Fiber)</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1615657346130-URVJO5K7HUX4QZZLAEEX/084+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - From an Art to Science (How Mapping Acquired Its Fiber)</image:title>
      <image:caption>Reproduced under fair use provisions.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/2/21/perfecting-the-world-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-01-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1613940078482-GK4UNX81VVBLC9Q5Q5IJ/081+img+01.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Perfecting the World Map?</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/2/17/a-radically-different-world-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-08-09</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1613583913433-AYP7OHZ5IX81J9FIZVS5/080+img+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A “Radically Different” World Map?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1613583995556-L9BYYCHSDGC50MDPDR75/080+img+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A “Radically Different” World Map?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1613824232188-2XK36P2766KOXO9L5J8N/world+1513+glareanus+%28jcb%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A “Radically Different” World Map?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1613584025085-OVIQ9FUR86PFPI5JGBTB/080+img+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A “Radically Different” World Map?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1660053522331-KPIL8E4ALKL7IJU7CL3O/2022-08-09+09.55.47.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A “Radically Different” World Map? - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/31/irene-jean-curnow-active-192130</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-08-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1612117593694-0NI9C0GX8ZW78Z3BJ1ZR/079+img+01+curnow+title.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Irene Jean Curnow (active 1921–30)</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1612123034747-XWYZT8IOCT6CZAEU5DES/079+img+02+curnow+OS.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Irene Jean Curnow (active 1921–30)</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/24/zoom-interview-on-4-feb-2021</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-24</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/24/bauhaus-and-map-collecting</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-24</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/19/comparative-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-19</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1611065804602-USX7M34WBUBUL25MNVRY/078+img+00+munster+america+1545.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Comparative Cartography</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sebastian Münster, Novae Insulae XXVI. Nova Tabula, from his edition of Ptolemy’s Geography (Basel, 1545). This is state 2 of the map (Burden 1996, no. 12); Phillips (1880) described the variant in the American Philosophical Society’s copy of the German-language edition of Münster’s Cosmographia (Basel, 1563). Woodcut, 26 × 35 cm. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Smith Collection); click on image for high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1611065902142-EOK5AR3ZPCCFL2OZC5QZ/078+img+01+munster+world+%28oml+262%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Comparative Cartography</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sebastian Münster, Typus cosmographicus vniversalis, from the 1555 edition of Johann Huttich and Simon Grynäus’ Novus Orbis regionum (Shirley 2001, no. 67). Phillips (1880) described only this work’s delineation of the Americas. Woodcut, 35.5 × 54.5 cm. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection); click on image for high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/17/on-the-destruction-and-loss-of-early-wall-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-17</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2021/1/9/what-is-a-planisphere</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610242782164-MWROLG3JK0FWET7F4YK2/077+img+01+-+celestial+1702+La+Hire+%28UMich%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Philippe de La Hire, Planisphere celeste meridional (Paris: Nicolas de Fer, 1702); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610242865258-HXGC9VV0J63JZDM36VVE/077+img+05+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whittaker’s Planisphere Showing the Principal Stars Visible for Every Hour in the Year (1890); Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610242977753-CTPTLVGVTHM7OMLGAKAN/077+img+02+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Rumold Mercator, Orbis terrae compendiosa descriptio (Cologne, 1596); Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243090347-EA8YHQNDLBAW6ZBOG87W/077+img+03+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Pierre du Val, Planisphere, ou Carte generale du Monde (Paris, 1684); Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243176517-CM7Y410RGFUAQ1NJWV58/077+img+04+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Planisphere ou représentation du globe céleste en deux plans hémispheres coupés par l’ecliptique (Paris, 1712); Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243249447-GOK0ZGWC64NMJZDJDLMU/077+img+06+-+oml.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Louis de Mayne Turquet, untitled world map, from his Discours sur la carte universel (Paris, 1648); Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243311439-REUSJCMSR3XWEB3DLYSU/077+img+07+-+bnf+-+cassini+btv1b53052904n_1.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jacques Cassini, Planisphère terrestre ou sont marquées les longitudes (Paris: Jean Baptiste Nolin, 1696); Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (112 B).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243410555-I0VJ4I9H5WSVYJY31JIR/077+img+08.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1610243458664-A5YVSJR2NSWUGT8S6L4D/077+img+09+cantino.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What Is a “Planisphere”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Cantino planisphere” (1502); Biblioteca Estense, Modena. Image from Wikipedia.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/31/map-history-books-of-2020</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-31</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/28/newfound-old-maps-of-maine</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1609191418225-7T2NUJIRM5RE7E1W04JJ/default.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Newfound Old Maps of Maine</image:title>
      <image:caption>Charles de Krafft after Osgood Carleton, “Plan of the Province of Main”'; click on image to see fuller information. Original provided by Fredonia State University via New York Heritage.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/20/new-anti-flat-earth-video</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-20</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/18/harleys-understandable-but-misplaced-criticism-of-bagrows-history-of-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1608330606878-1JVI4NC24ECKB8RD258P/076+img+01+bagrow+1951+spread.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Harley’s Understandable, but Misplaced, Criticism of Bagrow’s “History of Cartography”</image:title>
      <image:caption>Skelton (1951, 164–65)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/8/explicating-the-observational-preconception-of-the-ideal-of-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-08</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/12/7/rethinking-maps-and-mapping-and-how-they-have-developed-and-evolved</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385459204-5D0HIGD740M1LY4LW85A/039+img+00+justin+sorenson+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
      <image:caption>Justin Sorenson, composite image at head of post, “The Evolution of Cartographic Mapping” (26 January [2018]). J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385602147-VKTDD73H3T5DGI55SMY9/039+img+01+schema.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385675526-63CC4TOZ55NK7W3CNPRO/039+img+02+wood+ethnogenesis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
      <image:caption>Wood (1977, 154): “The ethnogenesis of hill signs”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385719713-50IYW4JX85GZPTJ3BAGJ/039+img+03+wood+ontogenesis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
      <image:caption>Wood (1977, 159): “The ontogenesis of hill signs.”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385789435-J73DZ9P2NK2QDKUWFU01/039+img+04+wood+evolution.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
      <image:caption>Wood (1994, 55): “Schematic representation of four models of the history of cartography”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1607385834167-RLQ75TXA4NVPIFU45PI6/039+img+05+better+evolution.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rethinking Maps and Mapping and How They Have Developed and Evolved</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Model of the phylogeny of Hominini over the past 10 million years.” Vertical axis: millions of years BP. Source: wikidata.org</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/11/25/the-maps-we-play-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-11-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1606311169339-DP2MY7N2MU21WL3LXQX8/games+we+play+18+sunset.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Maps We Play ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/11/16/unknown-early-disciples-of-humboldt-and-santarm</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-11-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605545941486-5T5MPZS6BUJAGFEEU18E/075+img+02+x-section.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Hommaire de Hell, “Coups et Plans Planche I,” including a plan of the rapids on the Dnieper and a geological cross-section of the Carpathian Mountains.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546030636-33VGKN7PQBCUY1698NTG/075+img+01+don+ford.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Traversée des débordements du Don dans les plaines du Manitch,” engr. Férogio, printed by Lemercier. “Voyage à la Mer Caspienne par Mr et Me Hommaire de Hell, pl. 4”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546085350-IU1E6BTVUT3Q0D0TDUJK/075+img+03+contents.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of “Observations”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546131013-LQ5EEMX4R50IKI0PTBYB/075+img+00+atlas+tp.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546228911-25VO3RIP1DGQ158V5UFD/075+img+04+band.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Prière du soir chez les Kalmouks,” engr. Férogio, printed by Lemercier. “Voyage à la Mer Caspienne par Mr et Me Hommaire de Hell, pl. 8”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546303735-CLPEUJ0JGPKWZG587D95/075+img+05+geological+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Carte géologique et statistique de la Russie méridionale, 1844” engr. L. Bouffard, printed by Lemercier, with Bertrand’s imprint.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546446869-0B1885ZLPYSC2FAQF0DV/075+img+06+cotton+ms.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Plate 1, figure 1”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546507086-AOV0KO76IADSDKZN6HAF/075+img+07+cotton+ms+bl.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of the original (rotated for ease of comparison)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546778252-2RH9UEVQADFP9DZFFY1U/075+img+08+HdeH+plate+I.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate I of facsimiles.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546852181-DPPBY9YNSF9PV6P5KG2F/075+img+09+HdeH+plate+II.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate II of the facsimiles.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605546961233-CK6VL6GNH41U28IRIF48/075+img+10+HdeH+plate+III.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate III of the facsimiles.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1605547025121-Z62N54TAYX46PRPPH2BM/075+img+11+HdeH+plate+IV.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Unknown early disciples of Humboldt and Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate IV of the facsimiles.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/11/6/map-historys-big-bang</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1604700320082-E6JQ4LJ3S2FBQD0FIVLZ/073+img+01+benincasa.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Jomard vs Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Santarém’s facsimile of the western coast of Africa from a chart by Grazioso Benincasa, 1467 (BnF DD 1988), Santarém (1842[–44]), pl. 7. Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1604700405975-BQ8HWJGPWRZE9HFKQSZU/073+img+00+mercator+sheet+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Jomard vs Santarém</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sheet 3 of Jomard’s facsimile of Mercator’s 1569 world map, published in 1862: Jomard (1854[–62]), provisional sheet 77. Courtesy Harvard Map Collection.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/11/6/the-growth-of-map-history-in-the-nineteenth-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-11-06</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1604663337362-WN93ROVAM9PR7KRSKTG5/072+img+00+bagrow.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Growth of Map History in the Nineteenth Century</image:title>
      <image:caption>The first page of Bagrow’s essay and bibliography, with an ornament reused from Nordenskiöld, who had reused it from Santarém, who had reproduced it from an early ms of Pomponius Mela.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1604663472881-D38175CNCB19J83FG5XZ/072+img+01+table.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Growth of Map History in the Nineteenth Century</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/10/15/creating-discovery</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-15</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/10/10/killing-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/10/9/review-forum-for-cartography-the-ideal-and-its-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-09</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/9/26/small-piece-published-re-maine-mapping-exhibition</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1601150877564-WB1EYKXD7M3DKI1EXBCH/2020-09-26+16.03.49.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Small Piece Published re Maine Mapping Exhibition</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1601150906032-DG7OIRNLAGGL83WDS9NY/2020-09-26+16.04.05.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Small Piece Published re Maine Mapping Exhibition</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/9/24/interview-with-myself-and-mary-pedley-about-volume-four</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1600952118735-LCKV6ZEF8POJUQYXJY6G/TLP-FINAL-LOGO-SMALL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Interview with Mary and me about Volume Four</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/9/12/i-have-located-a-town-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599916310571-P1S2WECBYEMO6EYNOC9H/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+33pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plan of an unidentified town in the Mapping Maine exhibition.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599916879708-5OSZ4QOSZ1HDKESQ3XBZ/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+legend.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599917086738-HYKHRHF28TZD71KTEKEN/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+center.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599917393346-GKREB6SXBIXWF8JSEA29/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+top-right.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599918060658-NUHYATA5C0GRB6TVHIST/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+top+left.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599918274537-XL8BA71W2VJNRXO9S6U2/me+1820s+township+timber+%28oml+53387.0001%29+top+center.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599919526090-F4N8KWUESNVX4CW5RFL0/me+land+grant+designations+40pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
      <image:caption>This map came out of a pamphlet that I let Nate Hamilton buy, and I lost the original citation. Also, it’s a scan from a xerox … my apologies.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599919974336-Z3U3GU1NKHO4QI4S98AF/me+land+grant+designations+NWP+circle.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1599920326223-CP0MO3FYXYL6OJNL56CN/Screen+Shot+2020-09-12+at+10.17.39+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - I Have Located a Town ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/9/9/mapping-maine-is-up-and-ready-to-visit</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-09-12</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/8/26/river-names</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-08-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1598453283039-D5A5XM6OY0JBAM4BAKX5/EgVGEu0XsAIR0Th.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - River Names</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1598454632741-5DZ9VD0LEQLO6BQ0UD55/Screen+Shot+2020-08-26+at+11.10.10+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - River Names</image:title>
      <image:caption>Approximately the same area on maps.google.com as in the 1771/2 maps.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/8/19/a-litle-known-facsimile</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-01-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597863792119-NCBPDAYA3AI83Y7BQIMJ/world+1500+Juan+de+la+Cosa.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Little-Known Facsimile</image:title>
      <image:caption>juan de la Cosa’s world map of 1500, now in the Museo Naval, Madrid. This image from the Wikipedia entry on the map.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597865748565-UUL7TUV9CN03GR1DKUA7/fig+3-1+cosa+1837+facs+%28bne+bdh0000016799%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Little-Known Facsimile</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ramón de la Sagra, Parte correspondiente a la America de la carta general de Juan de la Cosa, piloto en el segundo viage de Cristobal Colon en 1493. y en la expedicion de Alonzo de Hojedo en 1499. calcada sobre la original que posee el Sr. baron de Walckenaer para servir de ilustracion a la historia fisica politica y natural de la isla de Cuba por D. Ramon de la Sagra Paris 1837, engr. L. Bouffard (Paris: Lemercier Benard et Cie., 1837). Reoriented and digitally enhanced for clarity. Hand colored lithograph, 60 × 88 cm. Courtesy of the Biblioteca Nacional de España (MA00019643). Click on image for high-res version.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/8/16/an-early-narrative-of-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-08-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597581700136-CJ0KH4E16IWMK9AN5KZP/069+img+00+blanchard+%5B15pc%5D.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 1. Rufus Blanchard, Historical Map of the United States, Showing Early Spanish, French &amp; English Discoveries and Explorations, and Forts, Towns &amp; Battle Fields of Historic Interest. Edited by Rufus Blanchard (Chicago, 1876). Issued folded, in boards. Color lithograph, 137 × 145 cm. Courtesy of David Rumsey (3967.001); www.davidrumsey.com. Click on map for high-res image.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597581814875-U9X6G5G8HE98SOHI101J/069+img+01+blanchard+verso+%5B20pc%5D.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 2. Rufus Blanchard, Tablet of History Outlining the Discovery and Exploration of America, and the Settlement, Wars and Civil Progress of the United States, from Her Colonial Beginning to 1876, verso of his Historical Map of the United States (Chicago: Rufus Blanchard, 1876). Courtesy of David Rumsey (3967.000); www.davidrumsey.com. Click on “tablet” for high-res image.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597581922076-8CEQYW98IXBI07OPQ4V2/069+img+02+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of explanatory notes from Fig. 1</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597581969456-P2HGE552DARQWV1BWSYJ/069+img+03+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of bibliography from Fig. 1</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582060421-979N88G4RY0YHW11L3WZ/069+img+04+blanchard+separate.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 3. Rufus Blanchard, An Accurate Map of the United States of America According to the Treaty of Peace, 1783 / Map Drawing, Engraving, Printing, Coloring &amp; Mounting Executed in the Best Style, Rufus Blanchard (Chicago: Rufus Blanchard, undated but [1876]). My thanks to Ed Redmond for the image! Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress (G3701.S4 1860).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582122397-E76I81XDFZXO0F088ND2/069+img+05+marquette.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of fig. 1: Fac Simile of the Autograph Map of the Mississippi or Conception River Drawn by Father Marquette, 43 × 36.5 cm</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582171382-1NENSVE0GXE4VITOGEYC/069+img+06+wells.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of fig. 1: Edward Wells, Americæ septentrionalis tabula 1684, 8.5 × 15.5 cm</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582221020-5D4NF5OQHHYK6JUA3FQ0/069+img+07+de+la+croix.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of fig. 1: L’Amerique septentrionale 1690, 14 × 19 cm</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582259161-75F7Y3LF9VU57RTIJJ76/069+img+08+colden.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of fig. 1: A Map of the Country of the Five Nations…1755, 15.5 × 23 cm (neatlines)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582311605-T33AGCD0LJSE6D370PH8/069+img+09+ships.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of Fig. 1</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597582344209-I8IE4T7S61V45L29PQG3/069+img+10+vignette.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early Narrative of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of Fig. 1</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/8/13/rehabilitating-historical-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-08-13</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597346636506-SA0EKEDS3MJ4QHDYGJN7/068+img+01+ortel+roman+empire.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rehabilitating “Historical Map”</image:title>
      <image:caption>Abraham Ortelius, Romani Imperii Imago (Antwerp, 1598). Map of the Roman Empire: a quintessential “historical map.” Hand-colored copper engraving, 35 × 50 cm. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Smith Collection); click on image to see in high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1597346729578-EQ9BUOD3DWTIUAFXY2XG/068+img+02+van+loon.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Rehabilitating “Historical Map”</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map of France from van Loon (1932).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/7/28/the-venetian-discovery-of-the-new-world-before-columbus</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-08-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595933398397-J3AKGQAHQB0NC6K92Q9W/066+img+01+-+bianco+chart+1783+facsimile+%28jcb+06516-001%29+25pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Venetian Discovery of the New World before Columbus?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Andrea Bianco, untitled chart of the Straits of Gibraltar and the western ocean, as reproduced by Vincenzio Antonio Formaleoni (1783b, 2: between 40–41). Inverted so north is at top, to make the geography recognizable. “La Antilia” is the large, rectangular island at the very left (west) of the map. Bianco’s 1436 original is Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, MS. Fondo Ant. It. Z.76 [=4783], carta 5r. Copper engraving, 26 × 37 cm. Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, R.I. (H788 F723e); click on image for high-res image.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595933733438-OG2C0NXQXCVUSU28ZCEG/066+img+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Venetian Discovery of the New World before Columbus?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Nicolò Zen’s map of his forebears’ supposed voyages: Carta da navegar de Nicolo et Antonio Zeni fvrono III tramontana lano M.CCC.LXXX., from Zen (1558). Woodcut, 28 × 38 cm, with late color. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection); cick on image for high-res version.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/7/27/how-to-sell-maps-in-the-eighteenth-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-08-26</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/7/23/here-be-dragons-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-07-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595528067427-7OPQNKV6FZL064377THS/055+img+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Here be dragons ...</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of the Golden Chersonese on the Lenox globe (ca. 1510). The phrase is at upper right. New York Public Library. Click on image to see in high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595528156467-HKUECIVT6V7JVUC6B7LQ/055+img+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Here be dragons ...</image:title>
      <image:caption>Planisferio antico di Andrea Bianco, in Formaleoni (1783, 2: between 40–41). Image from John Carter Brown Library, Providence, R.I. (H788 F723e). Click on map to see in high resolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595528262835-P0R4RM7NADY07CXAT6ZL/055+img+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Here be dragons ...</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/7/20/early-histories-of-geodesy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-06-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1595281353455-QVHUDPLIITYVHUZSNXF1/065+img+01+picard+1671.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Early Histories of Geodesy</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jean Picard’s (1671, 22) triangulation diagram: left, main work; right, secondary checks. See Edney (2019a) for more information.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/7/10/cfp-international-conference-on-the-history-of-cartography-2021</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-07-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1594377323149-CA0HBZ6EDUSOQZM61P7V/iiif-service_gmd_gmd3_g3201_g3201p_ct003725-full-pct_25-0-default.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - cfp: International Conference on the History of Cartography, 2021</image:title>
      <image:caption>1977 map by the CIA of the routes flown to non-communist countries by TAROM, the national Romanian airline.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/6/7/an-early-pro-australian-world-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-06-28</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1591557654859-BVI7P2N5GPGSJ9YWMY6T/img+01+collingridge+1907+initial.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early pro-Australian World Map</image:title>
      <image:caption>Collingridge (1907, 329)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1591557713801-7Y7B12ZTKX8WDAX28E9Z/img+00+collingridge+1907.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An Early pro-Australian World Map</image:title>
      <image:caption>George Collingridge, The Lone Hand 1 (2 September 1907): 576</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/6/3/video-of-a-conference-presentation-</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-06-03</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/5/29/mode-or-genre</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590789270429-8F5OMP15SCFQ244ITTNJ/010+image+02+%28oml+269.0001%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - “Mode” or “Genre”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>An example of a map called “cordiform” because of how nineteenth-century scholars defined its mathematical structure, even though it is not actually heart-shaped. Untitled world map from Johannes Honter’s Rudimenta Cosmographia (1561), 894–95; woodcut, 12 × 15 cm. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine; (Osher Collection).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590789380031-QH9QJD8RMZ6SSYF4T2BK/010+image+04+hawaii.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - “Mode” or “Genre”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>An image from etsy.com, of a map on a bedroom wall in what is evidently a summer cottage, selling the idea of romance and nostalgia.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590789468652-VTITG8UWV4W7TBN07QA0/010+image+05+portland+1831.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - “Mode” or “Genre”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>A Plan of Portland, Engraved for the Directory. By D. G. Johnson. 1831. Variant 2. Issued in Directory (1831). Copper engraving. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590789538358-2M5845TASNCZZZO8PT4U/010+image+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - “Mode” or “Genre”?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Martin Waldseemüller, Orbis typus universalis iuxta hydrographorum traditionem (“Map of the whole world according to the tradition of mariners”) from the supplement of modern maps in his edition of Claudius Ptolemy’s Geography: Martin Waldseemüller, Matthias Ringmann, Jacob Aeszler, and Georg Übelin, Geographie opus nouissima traductione e Grecorum archtypis castigatissime (Strasbourg: Johannes Schott, 1513), fols. 119v–120r. Woodcut, 44.5 × 57.5 cm (paper). Courtesy of the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library and Mapping Boston Foundation.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/5/29/do-you-have-what-it-takes</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-29</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/5/27/what-a-difference-a-caption-makes</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590595399935-D9I6IE0570W5TV117T39/063+img+0+entire+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What a difference a caption makes</image:title>
      <image:caption>“United States and Territories” Truth (1898). NYPL. Click on image for full catalog record and image.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1590595547226-10GHY05VK90SDC9SI43S/063+img+1+cuba.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What a difference a caption makes</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/5/11/who-was-matthusmartin-brazl</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-27</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/5/9/the-maps-the-thing</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-27</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589056756934-7KHN3GGJJVZGLZ6YJA75/059+img+04+original+l-res.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>The “figurative map” of 1614. Nationaal Archief, Kaartcollectie Buitenland Leupe, 4.VEL 520. NA has declared this to be in the public domain. Click on the map to see high-res version.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589056925248-INZ3FWLFK9K9A14PKDDH/059+img+00+%28nypl+download%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>New York Public Library, The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, Stokes 1614-B-5. Described as being a water-color drawing, 66 x 49 cm. NYPL as declared this to be in the public domain. Click on map to go to NYPL site.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057033058-W2ZOGZQFLB4739TSEVHR/059+img+01+metadata+top.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot, 9 May 2020.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057135996-P9XGN4044994HTXSHOX7/059+img+05+metadata+upper+middle.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot. 9 May 2020</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057201449-DFPBQOENURJGHT8CYKQN/059+img+02+metadata+middle.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot, 9 May 2020</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057236397-KE6L8KSG6IMSFERRBJEQ/059+img+03+metadata+bottom.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot, 9 May 2020</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057331277-GDBNT9U44PF42A1KF2VE/059+img+06+%28stokes+facs%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Monochrome reproduction of the original figurative map in Stokes, Iconography, vol. 2 (1916)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057440405-4PNH6KLCKG3IW16ZYEWZ/059+img+08+tfl.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
      <image:caption>Screen shot, 9 May 2020. Click on image to go to the TfL site.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1589057507590-WHKYKCLU2UW0JEQLR3P4/059+img+07+together.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Map's the Thing</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/29/lists-of-map-libraries-with-online-access</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/25/maps-in-fantasy-books</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-05-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/25/maps-humor-and-the-absurd</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831326920-QF11ZJXA7LKJIF4AXGSG/056+img+01+map_age_guide_2x.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>Randall Munroe’s guide to map dating (XKCD 1688). Click on the image to goto the original site.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831476753-3FUNCH6QUBVMK0PIECAI/056+img+04+world.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>Victoires et Conquetes de la Religion Catholique = Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Educaiton (50275). Click on map to see in more detail.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831600913-TU1D30NAXOBFRDA7QRBM/056+img+02.gif</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>A “meaningful” flow chart. c/o PhDcomics.com</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831675305-GN0FL3NO3UO2Y6LVQH8L/056+img+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Buying another book,” a flow chart that is proudly displayed on my office door</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831766739-2CV63Q494YG7UNRU4DO1/056+img+05+map_age_guide_2x+shaded.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>Areas of absurdity in Munroe’s flow chart: red, maps of fictional worlds; blue, non-maps, such as cats and seagulls; green, details about I-25 before I-25 was built; and, purple, the future.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587831907479-7IELC9N2JM1PK231K7CS/056+img+06+explain+xkcd+explanation.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Humor, and the Absurd</image:title>
      <image:caption>the wiki admin’s explanation of why the entry remains incomplete</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/24/volume-4-is-in-the-warehouse</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587753002235-CTFLC38OLOZXVYSXNR4P/2020-04-09+14.38.07+rotated.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Volume 4 is in the warehouse!</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/24/new-podcast-with-me</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-24</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/22/cfp-maps-and-cartographies-in-the-english-speaking-world-in-the-seventeenth-and-eighteenth-century</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-22</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/16/a-mass-of-covid-19-maps-and-data-graphics</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587069249948-58JQ0R0AP3LAR1E9KDAZ/Screen+Shot+2020-04-16+at+4.24.34+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Mass of Covid-19 maps and data graphics</image:title>
      <image:caption>Image captured from JHU, data as of 15 April 2020</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587069419093-ECP85DZDNHFVULEZ2O7H/Screen+Shot+2020-04-16+at+4.25.27+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Mass of Covid-19 maps and data graphics</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587070516204-EL397KHM4K5VOICN5FQ7/Screen+Shot+2020-04-16+at+4.53.04+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Mass of Covid-19 maps and data graphics</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1587070562172-0MQ9UH2NUNKIXPMRB1TI/Screen+Shot+2020-04-16+at+4.53.13+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Mass of Covid-19 maps and data graphics</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/12/a-roman-map-of-britain</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-07-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586739319919-U0UDLX5UUP33437KHCGQ/034+image+3+stukeley+%28wikipedia%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Roman map of Britain?</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Scriptores historiæ,” designed and engraved by Charles Bertram, frontispiece to Bertram (1757)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586739401043-IBE75EPO7B91OA8ORNQV/034+image+1+bertrem+%28wikipedia%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Roman map of Britain?</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Mappa Brittaniæ facie[i] Romanæ secundum fidem monumentorum perveterum depicta | Tabulam hanc geographicam antiquitatis patriæ Cimelium celeberrimo viro Gulielmo Stukeley. M.D., C.L.M., F.R.S., etc. observantiæ testandæ ergo D. D. Carolus Bertramus 1755 | C. Bertramus ipse delin: ab orig. &amp; Sculpsit” – Wikipedia (original should likely not have been colored)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586739554757-2C32M454A3H16X2P43CY/034+image+2+stukeley+%28wikipedia%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Roman map of Britain?</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Mappa Brittaniæ faciei Romanæ secundum fidem monumentorum perveterum depicta”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586739618143-O2DGC8F4USFVIY7LO5CD/034+image+4+stukeley+%28arrowsmith%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Roman map of Britain?</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Mappa Brittaniæ faciei Romanæ secundum fidem monumentorum perveterum depicta”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/4/9/celebrate</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-04-09</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586454429374-6EGHYTULE0QG13TILCCW/2020-04-09+13.31.45.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Celebrate!!!!!</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1586454572941-ZRRN8R7Y16WV9DFC0J0V/Fireworks-1024x614.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Celebrate!!!!!</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/24/finally-a-proper-cartogram-of-covid-19</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-24</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1585062246638-NDGVUCM7E0PD9T0IGAZV/Screen+Shot+2020-03-24+at+11.03.16+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Finally, a proper cartogram of covid-19</image:title>
      <image:caption>A population-based cartogram as the basis for a choropleth of covid-19 infection in the Netherlands. See text for link.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1585063496444-6QJVVQYTQD63NDGCW8U4/Disease_CoronavirusCases_230320rel.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Finally, a proper cartogram of covid-19</image:title>
      <image:caption>World Mapper’s population-cartogram of the world, with areas proportional to population. Click on map to go to source.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/24/getting-granular-on-a-national-scale</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1585053771660-ILY8DISRGU480DTLVDZV/Screen+Shot+2020-03-24+at+8.38.31+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Getting granular on a national scale</image:title>
      <image:caption>weather.com’s interactive map of reported covid-19 infections. Screen shot taken at about 8:40am (Eastern) on 24 March 2020. Click on map to go to original source.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1585063297454-ZOND55WHJKCUV6HP513Y/Screen+Shot+2020-03-24+at+11.20.26+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Getting granular on a national scale</image:title>
      <image:caption>Click on map to link to source.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1585179788995-14ZB3DGLOQRUWOVD15FM/Screen+Shot+2020-03-25+at+7.41.12+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Getting granular on a national scale</image:title>
      <image:caption>Guardian’s map of US recorded corvid-19 cases. Click on map to go to source.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/23/more-granular-mapping-of-the-corona-virus</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584981741884-IS3532EBFTLNT2GWGAUY/Screen+Shot+2020-03-23+at+12.37.30+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - More granular mapping of the corona virus</image:title>
      <image:caption>Rosemary Mosher’s mapping of corona virus in Maine, as of 23 March 2020. Click on image to go to the original page.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/22/some-self-deprecation</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584913630819-Y11890PGS3LDNAZLK3LK/Screen+Shot+2019-09-22+at+11.47.54+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Some Self-Deprecation</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/12/how-to-map-the-covid-19-outbreak</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584014853318-9EJL53V73QK2Y31Q22YN/Screen+Shot+2020-03-12+at+8.05.22+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map of covid-19 cases in USA as of 10:19am Eastern, 11 March 2020. The Guardian. Click through to see the original.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584362926497-SZ6WNRHI92N9EYDBFOQQ/Screen+Shot+2020-03-16+at+8.42.49+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Guardian’s map, as of 06:35 Eastern,, 16 March 2020, based on data from Johns Hopkins University. Click on the map to go to the original page</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584363289883-FRIASLTQXJFT9R85QRVH/Screen+Shot+2020-03-16+at+8.53.09+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>A narrative of the spread of the virus, from recorded cases, by The Guardian. Click on the image to go to the original site, for larger images (and also current maps by continent).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584706340838-4TWMBBGWZNY3U5NH9XGP/Screen+Shot+2020-03-20+at+8.11.06+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>CDC classed choropleth of known covid-19 infections in the USA, data through 19 March 2020; click through to the site.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584708600985-8SW6CFH6XKCGD4ATVAIE/Screen+Shot+2020-03-20+at+8.07.54+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>State of covid-19 infections in the USA, from The Guardian, 20 March 2020. Click on map to see original.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1584912933733-SMHKNKM1K0E7RT1RQYUA/Screen+Shot+2020-03-22+at+5.32.12+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How to map the covid-19 outbreak</image:title>
      <image:caption>US covid-19 positively tested cases, as of the afternoon of 22 March 2020. CLick on map to go to source story.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/11/how-not-to-map-the-covid-19-pandemic</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1583965720247-CO53GHKKVKT3MF3GO91U/Screen+Shot+2020-03-11+at+6.23.42+PM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - How not to map the covid-19 pandemic</image:title>
      <image:caption>CDC map of covid-19 cases in the USA, as of noon EST on 11 March 2020; click on map to go to site.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/3/5/great-new-resource-for-medieval-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/2/20/eight-considerations-for-reading-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-21</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/1/28/george-iiis-military-map-collection</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-02-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1580220461391-6PCVGITQBAUTBTKU85G8/Screen+Shot+2020-01-28+at+8.54.20+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - George III's Military Map Collection</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1580220272655-W331ZQ94B9WRFS6Z6OSK/Screen+Shot+2020-01-28+at+8.57.44+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - George III's Military Map Collection</image:title>
      <image:caption>Colin Mackenzie, “Battle of the 15th of May, 1791 fought by the British Army Commanded by The Right Hon.ble Earl Cornwallis” (1791). Pencil, pen, ink and watercolour on paper | Scale: 1:64,500 | RCIN 735003</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/1/25/why-it-can-be-hard-to-watch-media</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1580009798012-581ZGJZMW9HOHX4G0HRQ/antique-map-of-the-holy-land-by-mortier-1700.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why it can be hard to watch media</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/1/23/cartograph</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-03-22</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1579757880840-PLY6NISBW8QF26QO5BBW/057+img+03+ngram+viewer+-+American+English.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - "Cartograph"</image:title>
      <image:caption>Google n-gram for “cartograph” in the American English corpus. Fundamental problems in Google’s metadata and OCRing mean that the n-gram is valid only as a general indication of frequency and cannot be interpreted with any degree of precision (Nunberg 2009)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1579758010935-YNKJQZ9IP0O5WC5XDM38/057+img+01+entire+9oml+45556%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - "Cartograph"</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ohio Commission to A Century of Progress International Exposition, Being a Cartograph of Ohio: The Oldest State West of the Thirteen Original Colonies; now the Fourth State in the Union in Population; Third in Manufacture; Sixth in Minerals Mined; and among the Foremost in Agriculture (1934). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine: http://www.oshermaps.org/map/45556.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2020/1/8/tweet-test-1</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-08</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/12/31/map-history-books-of-2019</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-01-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/12/25/the-best-map-history-books-of-the-decade</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/12/4/an-idiosyncratic-method-of-locational-referencing-that-has-me-stumped</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1575471883163-1KL353JTIAS8Y0HWJWQE/052+img+1+entire.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An idiosyncratic method of locational referencing that has me stumped</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1575472087082-4JK1P9TJQAE4BV69DA8N/052+img+2+meridian+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An idiosyncratic method of locational referencing that has me stumped</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1575472125400-EMIXSP3YCUSET9XEXDDV/052+img+3+parallel+equator.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An idiosyncratic method of locational referencing that has me stumped</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1575472162814-E03NS1PT3BIBRAAOFYM5/052+img+4+parallel+london.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An idiosyncratic method of locational referencing that has me stumped</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1575472191304-FCTVI62QV9WEQ1FX7P2M/052+img+5+circle.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An idiosyncratic method of locational referencing that has me stumped</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/12/2/abandoning-facebook-and-academiaedu</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-12-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/11/14/an-1826-plan-for-rational-place-naming</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-11-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1573766833263-AIOAWTMVFBZTKTZ97VK3/050+img+00+whitwell.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An 1826 Plan for Rational Place Naming</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1573767004478-6P8YFAY7I3S2OL1GMXQC/050+img+01+lockwood.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - An 1826 Plan for Rational Place Naming</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail from Lockwood (1905, 114) that got the table WRONG !!! Compare with Whitman’s own table at the head of the post.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/10/25/h-maps-an-email-list-for-early-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1572006605104-YFYM2XQPHBPB14J1VRFM/H-Maps-test-all.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - H-Maps - An Email List for Early Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/10/15/for-indigenous-peoples-day</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-10-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1571181814301-4O43W21LUPPE5XAYEOU8/img+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - For Indigenous Peoples’ Day</image:title>
      <image:caption>Official | Reg. United States Patent Office | Earth Science | Polyconic Projection Map Showing the | Indians | of | Wisconsin | by | Hearn Brothers | Manufacturers of America’s Largest Commercial &amp; | School Wall Maps—Student Participation Series. Detroit: Hearne Brothers, nd [after 1960]. 169 × 126 cm. American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1571181988155-0PRELHB1XM12SMD5U1XX/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - For Indigenous Peoples’ Day</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1571182122592-CYBQN430IN67YBVH6DYL/img+3+usa+map+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - For Indigenous Peoples’ Day</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1571182167826-WZKD00X0MIFG8VTX3N6G/img+4+north+arrow.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - For Indigenous Peoples’ Day</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/9/12/the-magnetic-compass-and-north-orientation</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-09-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1568335112968-9G4L0R36C9NV6RPEXW7S/mhe-logo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Magnetic Compass and North Orientation</image:title>
      <image:caption>I made this compass rose in 1996 by running an image of a compass rose from a medieval sea chart through multiple filters in PhotoShop (or whatever software I was using at the time)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/9/10/a-stunning-realization</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1568149777723-F3BCF1RV6PO65X7ORZK9/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Stunning Realization</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/8/30/the-history-of-cartography-series</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-08-31</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1567211278055-B4DT0UDS69H0JIDCQXUM/2019-08-24+20.11.25.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The History of Cartography Series</image:title>
      <image:caption>The neon scroll outside the hotel, which displayed the title of the conference in English and Mandarin. Not everyday your work is lit up in neon!</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/8/29/a-major-new-study-fails-to-consider-maps-in-books</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-08-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1567082942044-J85S7OLGJ382VJB8W7JN/045+img+0+-+forlani+world.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A major new study fails to consider maps in books</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fernando Bertelli’s version of Paolo Forlani’s world map, after Giacomo Gastaldi: Universale descrittione tutta la terra conosciuta fin qui (Venice, 1565). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection) https://oshermaps.org/map/280.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/8/12/early-colonial-property-mapping-in-poetry</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-08-12</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1565618004128-TOQDKFNHIAVCNYTIW265/043+img+1+all.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Early Colonial Property Mapping in Poetry</image:title>
      <image:caption>Frederic Endicott’s reduced facsimile (1895) of James Blake, Jr., “A Map or Plot of the Twentyfiue Divisions of Land … late in ye Township of Dorchester and now in the Township of Stoughton, it being that Land commonly called Dorchester New-Grant beyond the Blew-hills … Finished May 8th 1730.” Hand-colored lithograph, 36 × 81 cm.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/6/25/cartography-the-interview-new-books-network</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-06-25</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/6/6/of-measures-and-tyranny</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-06-06</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/5/10/a-handsome-exhibit-of-the-land</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557518106473-DMFBCTTO2IDCQZSEHNNB/029+img+10.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 1. Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). “Main” was a fairly common variant of “Maine” in the eighteenth century. Drawn without projection, on a scale of about one inch to twelve miles. Hand-colored copper engraving, 34.5 × 40.5 cm (neat line), 36 × 42 cm (plate mark). Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557518959090-9XKRFXOSCR3HR8K2P0AJ/029+img+9.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 2. Osgood Carleton, Map of the District of Maine Drawn from the Latest Surveys and Other Best Authorities, frontispiece to James Sullivan, The History of the District of Maine (Boston: Isaiah Thomas, 1795). Thompson (2010, no. 2). Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection). https://oshermaps.org/map/11900.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519139761-XNTEMTKS9BDDFMKJCGSC/029+img+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 3. Detail of An Accurate Plan of 189120 Acres of Land on Penobscot River being the Purchase from the Penobscot Indians by Government on each side said River Together with two Gores of Land, one on each side drawn from the Original by Osgood Carleton (s.n.: n.d., but ca. 1798). The manuscript annotation on this map, labeling “Bangor,” was likely the source of Wheat and Brun’s knowledge of the town’s founding. This is the only known impression of this map (Wheat and Brun 1978, no. 177; see Williamson 1832, 2:552). Courtesy of Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library; http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/009539385/catalog</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519282707-A543224P3Z6FPECIRG8X/029+img+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 4. Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). Courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, R.I. (Cabinet Cb793 2.1). https://www.brown.edu/academics/libraries/john-carter-brown/jcb-online/image-collections/map-collection</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519353277-8A7FP1XRXUSN1BD0BDT4/029+img+8.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 5. Detail of Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). See fig. 1. Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519422454-VIQZRRXFN6I8D8N73I1V/029+img+5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 6. Plan of 50 townships to be sold by lottery lying between the rivers Penobscot &amp; Schoodic | NB All the Lotts [replaced in ms with Townships], with the Red line are ordered for Sale by Lottery. | Published by order of the Committe [replaced in ms with Genl. Court] ([Boston]: [1786]); 34cm × 45cm; 1:253,440. This printed map, with manuscript emendations to the tile—the correction of “Townships” for “Lotts” was made on all impressions that I’ve seen; that of “Genl. Court” for “Committe” was not made on all—was probably intended to advertise the 1786 lottery. Courtesy of the Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Gift of Harry Pringle in honor of Peggy Osher). http://www.oshermaps.org/map/45937.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519534791-EZDY368VTBDK5881MIKO/029+img+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 7. Detail of the Back Tract on Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). See fig. 1. Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519651787-X7T3KPW518VWHE32JY4D/029+img+4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 8. Detail of the Kennebec Purchase on Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). See fig. 1. Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1557519713820-I3PREL8BGC2AGASST9ZK/029+img+6.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - ‘A Handsome Exhibit of the Land’</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 9. Detail of the Penobscot Purchase on Plan of Part of the District of Main (n.p, n.d.). See fig. 1. Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/5/6/the-history-of-cartography-in-a-brief-poem</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-05-06</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/4/24/plaintive-haiku</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-04-24</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/4/11/the-new-cartography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-04-11</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/4/4/is-the-worlds-oldest-map-a-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-04-05</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/3/25/its-here</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-25</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1553541950777-JYDKJ9P1CO1GCHZR09H0/2019-03-25+14.45.29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - It's here!</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/3/14/2018-books-on-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-14</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/3/9/more-fers</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-09</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1552169515134-W7539BPJNIH1Z0HI2K3F/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - More FErs</image:title>
      <image:caption>screen shot from Behind the Curve (2018)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2019/3/3/pocket-globes-in-the-wild</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/12/19/the-first-international-map-of-the-world</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-12-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1545276068577-0LH8TBNYTIXUDM80P75K/032+img+00+whole+sheet.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First International Map of the World?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sheet 1549 of Colles’ Geographical Ledger (1794), engraved by Eliza Colles.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1545276152988-76ZLR4WP6U42NZIS9WZA/032+img+01+detail.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The First International Map of the World?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of sheet 1549</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/12/15/a-misunderstood-quatrain</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2023-12-21</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1544895373872-HZF2WKQ4901Z983R7H2J/027+image+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Misunderstood Quatrain</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of title cartouche on John Seller, A General Chart of the West India’s, from Seller’s Atlas minimus (London, ca. 1676): James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota; oSe 1675. See http://gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/show/bell-atlas/item/1041</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1544895468486-YOO5MN0OZZ9VGSPQF0TS/027+image+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Misunderstood Quatrain</image:title>
      <image:caption>Abraham Ortelius, Presbiteri Iohannis, sive, Abissinorum imperii description (Amsterdam, 1579) (Van der Krogt 1997– , 3: map 8720:31): Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine; Osher Collection. See http://www.oshermaps.org/map/310.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1544895622735-S9C4FU4T2ISLDFICP4AL/027+image+3.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Misunderstood Quatrain</image:title>
      <image:caption>Raisz (1938, 46, fig. 21): an overlay, with an approximately consistent degree of reduction, of two maps of Africa. In the foreground is Robert Walton’s 1658 map of Africa (Betz 2007, no. 88), a close derivative of a later state of Nicolaus Visscher’s map originally published by Pieter van den Keere in 1614 (Betz 2007, no. 55); Raisz misidentified it as the work of Jan Jansz. (Johannes Janssonius). The background is J. B. B. d’Anville’s Afrique (Paris, 1749) in four sheets.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1544895701769-KAN1224B2QJHB6P7U9AG/027+image+4+PJM_1024_02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Misunderstood Quatrain</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Brobdingnag,” from Jonathan Swift, Capt. Lemuel Gulliver’s Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World, in The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, vol. 2 (London: C. Bathurst, 1751). P. J. Mode Collection of Persuasive Cartography, Cornell University; 1024.02. See https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/ss:19343158</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/11/29/a-partial-essentialist-and-incorrect-etymology-for-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/10/2/update-re-mapping-as-process</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-14</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1538489454509-9UJY0TGJ74M284ZMFTQN/Edney_9780226605715.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Update re "Cartography: The Ideal and Its History"</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/10/2/the-limits-to-mapping</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-10-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1538489246700-BTUN3GHWE7Z7YY3H6NUC/MN084910+WHC+Edney+Poster+R4+%28002%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Limits to Mapping</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/9/4/usgs-printing-techniques</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1536100631485-JK2R45SBGYFBESEJ1G9B/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - USGS Printing Techniques</image:title>
      <image:caption>USGS, Portland, Me, 15' quadrangle, 1:62,500, surveyed in 1889, edition of 1893, reprinted 1913. You can download digital, georeferenced images of USGS topo quads from https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/ (just click “get maps”)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1536100677654-BVJGY8AW91CBN947NB6R/img+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - USGS Printing Techniques</image:title>
      <image:caption>Details of (above) an engraved plate for cultural features, to be printed in black ink and (below) the final map, showing Alexandria, Va. Note that the completed map includes further overprinting in red (see below), and was originally at a larger scale than most topographical quadrangles, specifically 1:31,680. Source: https://www.gsa.gov/cdnstatic/USGS_Engravings_Available_for_Sale.pdf</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/8/16/the-materiality-of-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534465543720-CM5Q8XWIGLAHCV89VO8J/026+image+01.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534465627702-25R3VV91RY525KC3CDWO/026+image+10.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534465715207-L5P80YRMRPB7SZWN0GJX/026+image+02.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map of New-England (1677); the “White Hills map.” See text for full bibliographic details. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine; www.oshermaps.org/map/492.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534465806138-OJVEJDXPXM5GW775UKF0/026+image+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Map of New-England (1677); the “Wine Hills map.” See text for full bibliographic details. Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine; www.oshermaps.org/map/12777.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534465900589-AOERDSS5FJ6POJZ1QU3Q/026+image+04.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail of the “White Hills map.”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534466045476-G347RR6K832V6MN6ZRG1/026+image+05.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>An Exact Mapp of New England and New York, in Cotton Mather, Magnalia Christi Americana (London, 1702), vol. 1 Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine; www.oshermaps.org/map/1807.0006</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509021215-S1PQ5CFWBYBY5REPS0DN/026+image+06.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>[John Green], Map of the most Inhabited Part of New England (London, 1774). Height 105 cm (41.5"). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection). See http://www.oshermaps.org/map/753.0001.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534466206729-YNN71KXN2LPDLPXUUDCM/026+image+07.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>American Tobacco Company/Old Mill Cigarettes, ca. 1910. Height 7.5 cm (3"). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534508948681-6IN3V5ATLLQFVFLL42A1/026+image+08.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509120977-P5EDY5UBHNVTCS5E495Y/026+image+09.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>See https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/11/what-is-a-processual-approach-to-mapping</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509241492-HBMYQTFOQT9I90Z8GU33/026+image+11.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Daniel Neal, The History of New-England Containing an Impartial Account of the Civil and Ecclesiastical Affairs of the Country to the Year of Our Lord, 1700 (London: J. Clark, 1720) with, opp. [1:1], A New Map of New England (1720). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection 7392–93)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509292439-YNC5C8MRM3CFBMU59GBQ/026+image+12.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Robert Morden, A Map of New England New York New Jersey Maryland &amp; Virginia (London, 1676). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (Osher Collection). See http://www.oshermaps.org/map/491.0001</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509345965-Y1QXQJHHKU6YGY792G3Q/026+image+13.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>William Douglass, Plan of the British Dominions of New England in North America (London, [1755]). Library of Congress. See https://www.loc.gov/item/74692144/</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509392237-NW8HY472WCM45QJ80ZTR/026+image+14.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1534509449721-YJRU1S0W0VDEAK6SQ8KP/026+image+15a.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Materiality of Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>A processual approach does not differentiate between separate arenas of map production and consumption</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/7/8/the-cartographic-ideals-preconception-of-pictorialness</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1531099438989-SM8C9SK3WCFUP08DTZQD/025+image+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Cartographic Ideal’s Preconception of Pictorialness</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 1. A. Flint, “The planets as seen through a Telescope” (ca. 1820), courtesy of Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps, Inc., http://www.raremaps.com]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1531099486727-WJ9X8LYT8C93TL5C5IK1/025+image+4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Cartographic Ideal’s Preconception of Pictorialness</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 2. Saturn and the Sun. Detail of fig. 1</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1531099521180-JXWBOIUO0BZCA7I8OL2M/025+image+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - The Cartographic Ideal’s Preconception of Pictorialness</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 3. Earth, with the Moon (not to scale). Detail of fig. 1]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/6/28/a-flat-earth</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-12-20</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1530236791420-M5LTBH702SXJPVA5T1FC/flat+earth.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Flat Earth?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1530798932848-0EVWHWQUVYYF5VG0R178/Screen+Shot+2018-07-05+at+9.56.40+AM.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Flat Earth?</image:title>
      <image:caption>A screen capture of the Chronogeoscope, 5 July 2018</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/6/3/a-game-of-snakes-and-ladders</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1528055726462-4ADD2842DDGHS6D17PF0/023+img+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Game of Snakes and Ladders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 1. Detail of the scale from Maraldi and Cassini III, Nouvelle carte qui comprend les principaux triangles (Paris, [1745]). Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1528055799592-A6490ZCFTXTAN187IOGY/023+img+2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Game of Snakes and Ladders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 2. A demonstration of areal distortion: each pair of quadrilaterals, the red and the green, has the same area on the earth but not on the map. Detail of Philippe Buache, after Guillaume Delisle, Carte d’Amerique dressée pour l’usage du Roy (Paris, 1780). Library of Congress.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1528055845510-2LS5IH0GFGTMOMBG133Z/023+img+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Game of Snakes and Ladders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 3. Definition of échelle from Encyclopédie (Paris, 1755), 5: 248 (ipad edition, ARTFL, University of Chicago).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1528055930307-U1EMTYQZSUT9DPQMUJRK/023+img+4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Game of Snakes and Ladders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 4. Definition of scalee from Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language (London, 1755), 2: art. “Scale 8.”</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1528055980997-IR7OGF12EVFIG80PPD4D/023+img+5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Game of Snakes and Ladders</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 5. Detail of the beginning of Allent’s (1803) descending scale of reduction factors.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/5/24/squaring-the-cartographic-circle</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-11-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1527216092056-99BVB61DGUCAEUF3E4LT/022+groarke+fig-5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Squaring the Cartographic Circle</image:title>
      <image:caption>Groearke’s fig. 5, showing the reassembly of Eurasia. I really don't understand the placement of the "skeleton"; why do the lines (meridians?) not align as they seem to be on the diagrams provided for other continental outlines. Groarke does not provide enough explanatory detail for his work to be undertaken and verified by others. Reproduced here under academic fair use.]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/5/5/maps-semiotics-and-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1525552859642-H1M4U8DZ1LPMO159KPJ6/020+img+1+bedolina.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Semiotics, and History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Line drawing of Bedolina rock 1, with earlier and later figures removed; see Delano Smith (1982, fig. 1b)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1525553047720-337CSMV4NUEC7TWY3URW/020+supernatural+wtf.gif</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps, Semiotics, and History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jensen Ackles doing his stuff.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/3/29/a-mezzotint-star-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1522353680687-AIK7DEBNEIO3EOC0JLJK/020+goldbach+pl+7+left.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A mezzotint star map</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate 7 left: area of the night sky with Boötes, etc.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1522353749062-U7MA8DLB48FGNHTDOKUM/020+goldbach+pl+7+right.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A mezzotint star map</image:title>
      <image:caption>Plate 7 right: area of the night sky with the constellations of Quadrans Muralis, Boötes, Canes Venatici [Jagdhunde], and Coma Berenices [Haupthaar der Berenice]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/3/15/every-map-is-interesting</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/3/14/first-steps-towards-a-partial-genealogy-of-the-compass-rose</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041451965-A1VTJYWN6REYPA7WVZEW/006+image+04+north+arrow.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>from http://more-cliparts.net/cliparts/simple-compass-rose.html</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041517282-S2GP1WAVOZN3LOYC74KT/006+image+05+uscgs+bearing+diagram.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>https://celebrating200years.noaa.gov/new_york_charts/compass_rose.html]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041560635-UKIUP046J04HFKFL2UKJ/006+image+06+usa+map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/MAP-of-the-US-and-COMPASS-ROSE-in-English-2717369</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041747542-UWBI5XO93S16NX55DHC0/006+image+03.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>Simon de Passe, New England/John Smith, state 4 (1624). Leventhal Map Collection, Boston Public Library, https://collections.leventhalmap.org/search/commonwealth:3f462s64w]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041788467-IKIXN14VY1MW2BJ4G4WS/006+image+07+oml+1714.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>Two compass roses set off the North American coast. Joannes de Laet, Nova Anglia, Novum Belgium et Virginia (Leiden, 1630); www.oshermaps.org/maps/1714.0001]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1521041833219-HMWY2E9R5MRP2NARE9D5/006+image+08+%28oml+1827%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - First Steps towards a Partial Genealogy of the Compass Rose</image:title>
      <image:caption>A very simple compass rose is set in off the coast of Labrador, amongst many other signs of open sea; a second compass rose, set to the north of Lake Superior, on land(!), seems to belong to the inset of the Gulf Coast, directly above it. Zacharias Châtelain, Carte de la Nouvelle France (Amsterdam, 1719); www.oshermaps.org/maps/1827.0001]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/3/10/a-salutary-reminder</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-04-07</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/2/23/maps-and-memory-and-imagination</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519417221140-SO6F280TULRJF338MA1T/maitland.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>The details of early OS maps, from Maitland’s Domesday Book and Beyond (1897)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519417420863-MDNMI2OADY85LDHXAGO2/maitland2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>A cartogram of modern UK constituencies: http://www.economist.com/ blogs/graphicdetail/2013/04/mapping-britain.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519417530819-10MTIMIQRTF93A4JX2SD/maitland3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>Hendrik Willem Van Loon, “France,” from Van Loon’s Geography (1932).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519417621425-Q9J3360NL32YULNIQN9O/maitland4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>Olaus Magnus, Carta marina et descriptio septentrionalium terrarium (Venice, 1539) – facsimile of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek impression</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519419816733-323GCA97Z00VI22ZVZGW/maitland5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>The colored, 1949 facsimile of Olaus Magnus’ Carta marina. From digital version placed online by the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519419884157-V3YELMFL61K2FL1TB3A9/maitland6.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail from 1949 color facsimile.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519419962200-KE9RJONXMVS01500PX3B/maitland7.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail from 1949 color facsimile.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1519420027144-G5FMSOUIVKK8YGNXUA7K/maitland8.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Maps and Memory ... and Imagination</image:title>
      <image:caption>Detail from 1949 color facsimile.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/2/16/a-self-explanatory-map-come-for-the-satire-stay-for-the-fun</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2020-10-11</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518824444041-1UOXDT9QTL8PH7EPZZBB/013+image+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 1. Mark Twain, “Fortifications of Paris,” [Buffalo] Express (17 September 1870), 2, woodblock, 9 × 12½ inches [23 × 32 cm]). Variant 1.1. Twain sent this clipping to his friend, Ainslie Rand Spofford, then Librarian of Congress, with the inscription, “Mr. Spofford, could I get you to preserve this work of art among the geographical treasures of the Congressional Library? Yrs Truly Mark Twain” (Twain 1995, 207; October? 1870). Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Samuel Clemens Papers</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518824539942-0XC15AMMWXB0XE9NOO2J/013+image+5+%28tribune%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 2. New York Tribune (13 September 1870). From Library of Congress, Chronicling America.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518824737994-FVU3OTJ94QG1IDBRWDZE/013+image+7.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 3. Mark Twain, “Mark Twain’s Map of Paris,” from The Galaxy 10, no. 5 (November 1870), between 724 and 725. Variant 1.3. From PJ Mode’s Persuasive Maps Collection (1073): https://digital.library.cornell.edu/catalog/ss:19343171</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825306518-GZW85HEDG5DY2Q2B0YRD/013+image+8.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 4. Variant 2.4. Photo Courtesy of Michelle Prestholt, from UW Special Collections (Mark Twain Brownell 101)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825344528-0H52PXZ47UP41CHNOLC1/013+image+2+%281871%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 5. Variant 2.5. Reduced version of variant 1.3 in Twain (1871a, 138), rotated for easier viewing (top at left); reproduced from archive.org. The neatline of the map measures about 8.5 × 13.5 cm (estimated).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825399952-3IQ9CK5X5USXZL251P79/013+image+3+%281872%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 6. Variant 2.6. A copy of variant 2.5 in Twain (1872, 170), rotated for easier viewing (top at left); reproduced from Google Books.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825443348-L7MCXYW5DF3MZQL4JDUX/013+image+9.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 7. Variant 2.7. Another copy of variant 2.5 in Twain (1880, opp. 379), rotated for easier viewing (top at left); reproduced from Google Books.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825515879-D8V1BIXDYXTY5Z7KU360/013+image+3+%281872%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 8. Variant 2.8. Reduced copy of variant 1.1 in Twain (1872, 170), rotated for easier viewing (top at left); reproduced from a scan of microfilm by Indiana University’s Wright American Fiction Project, and used here under fair use.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825579879-29HVWCKGH49FZI8LHIVN/013+image+11.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 9. Variant 2.9. Copy of variant 1.1 in Twain (1878, 28). 2.5 × 4.75 inches (7 × 12 cm). Photo Courtesy of Michelle Prestholt, from UW Special Collections (Mark Twain Bassett 93)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1518825628687-R292T7USBDEMEMR8J025/013+image+10.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - A Self-Explanatory Map? Come for the Satire, Stay for the Fun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fig. 10. Variant 2.10. Enlarged copy of variant 2.9 in Twain (1896, 407), rotated for easier viewing (top at left); reproduced from Google Books.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/27/of-maps-libraries-and-lectures-the-nebenzahl-lectures-and-the-study-of-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1517109624710-AA6TGN7WT9I5VYKJJ95W/45914-0020+ropped+50pc.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Of Maps, Libraries, and Lectures: The Nebenzahl Lectures and the Study of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jossy and Ken Nebenzahl, with R. A. Skelton (center), October 1966</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1517109841076-778PEBZAULIJQDRZS8W8/stach+of+books+lower+res.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Of Maps, Libraries, and Lectures: The Nebenzahl Lectures and the Study of Map History</image:title>
      <image:caption>Published versions of the Nebenzahl Lectures [OML]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/15/why-i-dont-like-thematic-maps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-11-04</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1516045606839-NX81PZNJDG1L1S2EDGAF/003+image+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why I Don’t Like Thematic Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>2016 U.S. presidential vote (red, Republican, shading to blue, Democrat), by county-level, population cartogram. Mark Newman, University of Michigan, http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/2016/</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1516045700351-YW8BWUC60V16EVSG0TVJ/003+image+5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why I Don’t Like Thematic Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Universitätsbibliothek, Leipzig</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1516045833875-IYUZUC3RHTM0Z2N76NS5/003+image+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why I Don’t Like Thematic Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1516045894818-JMY1QAJ01WEY6V4H1XB7/003+image+4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why I Don’t Like Thematic Maps</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1516046007810-A9324XNNMJUPMPQ2NA0F/003+image+0.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - Why I Don’t Like Thematic Maps</image:title>
      <image:caption>Levi W. Yaggy, “The Five Zones Showing in a Graphic Manner the Climates, Peoples, Industries &amp; Productions of the Earth,” from Yaggy’s Geographical Study (Chicago, 1887). Osher Map Library and Smith Center for Cartographic Education, University of Southern Maine (OML Collections)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/11/what-is-a-processual-approach-to-mapping</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1515666430390-0JRP8J4LHS8P43TA3HJK/008+image+1.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What is a Processual Approach to Mapping?</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1515666512557-AS02E95VOXZOKYYCLG3B/008+image+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What is a Processual Approach to Mapping?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Schematic diagram of the “gap” in land management mapping, between cadastral records and natural resource maps of topography, soils, and land use (Dahlberg 1984, fig. 2). Note that the main diagonal line represents the continuum. The extent of land-use mapping actually fudges the gap discussed in Dahlberg’s text and imaged in his fig. 1. Image reproduced under fair-use provisions.]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1515666581702-K61LQZERGKPXLLKMDCIT/008+image+3.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What is a Processual Approach to Mapping?</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Traditional, Progressive Narrative of the Geographical Mapping of New England</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1515666646952-YNTRF3V3UAIKS02859QK/008+image+4.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - What is a Processual Approach to Mapping?</image:title>
      <image:caption>Discrete English Public Geographical Discourses re New England</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/4/cartography-in-the-european-enlightenment-goes-to-press</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2019-03-30</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1515100622600-AP91TH9CSWG8AIF5PF4Z/IMG_0519_stackC15.5inches.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - "Cartography in the European Enlightenment" goes to press!</image:title>
      <image:caption>Photo by Beth Freundlich, project manager of the History of Cartography Project</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/1/2017-books-on-map-history</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2018/1/1/a-paper-about-me</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2017/12/14/this-is-not-a-map</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1513292288340-C9OMUNRAUXZJGIWIP23I/002+-+image+1+%28mural%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - This is Not a Map</image:title>
      <image:caption>[The mural. Image from a recent blog post, which credited it to the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara; several copies of this image can be found online, together with many other photographs and redrawings of the mural, so I reproduce it again here under academic “fair use.”]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a317986aeb6255dd87994e4/1513292384800-S7ACREEBHVN633FHKTPC/002+-+image+2+%28mellaart+1964+fig+11%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mapping as Process - This is Not a Map</image:title>
      <image:caption>[Plan of Level VII as excavated in 1963, from Mellaart (1964b, opp. 53).]</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2017/12/13/the-status-of-ishmap</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.mappingasprocess.net/blog/2017/12/13/why-mapping-as-process</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2018-09-10</lastmod>
  </url>
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